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|00000020| 31 31 3a 35 31 3a 32 39 | 20 2b 30 32 30 30 0d 46 |11:51:29| +0200.F|
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|00000090| 72 0d 44 61 74 65 3a 20 | 4d 6f 6e 2c 20 31 39 20 |r.Date: |Mon, 19 |
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|00001b80| 74 6f 20 61 76 6f 69 64 | 20 70 72 65 76 69 6f 75 |to avoid| previou|
|00001b90| 73 20 63 72 61 73 68 65 | 73 2e 0d 0d 5b 41 54 53 |s crashe|s...[ATS|
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|00001bc0| 4d 61 6e 61 67 65 72 2e | 20 49 74 20 77 61 73 20 |Manager.| It was |
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|00001c50| 0d 0d 2d 4a 65 66 66 20 | 41 62 72 61 68 61 6d 73 |..-Jeff |Abrahams|
|00001c60| 6f 6e 0d 20 63 6c 69 6f | 21 6a 65 66 66 40 76 75 |on. clio|!jeff@vu|
|00001c70| 2d 76 6c 73 69 2e 65 65 | 2e 76 69 6c 6c 2e 65 64 |-vlsi.ee|.vill.ed|
|00001c80| 75 0d 0d 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |u..+++++|++++++++|
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|00001ca0| 3e 46 72 6f 6d 20 6b 65 | 6e 6c 6f 6e 67 40 6e 65 |>From ke|nlong@ne|
|00001cb0| 74 63 6f 6d 2e 63 6f 6d | 20 28 4b 65 6e 20 4c 6f |tcom.com| (Ken Lo|
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|00001cd0| 34 20 41 75 67 20 31 39 | 39 34 20 31 35 3a 31 38 |4 Aug 19|94 15:18|
|00001ce0| 3a 35 30 20 47 4d 54 0d | 4f 72 67 61 6e 69 7a 61 |:50 GMT.|Organiza|
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|00001db0| 6f 72 3a 0d 0d 22 49 74 | 20 62 72 6f 6b 65 21 22 |or:.."It| broke!"|
|00001dc0| 0d 0d 6f 72 3a 0d 0d 22 | 57 68 79 20 73 68 6f 75 |..or:.."|Why shou|
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|00001e00| 20 20 22 59 6f 75 27 6c | 6c 20 6e 65 76 65 72 20 |  "You'l|l never |
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|00001e70| 20 36 20 6d 6f 6e 74 68 | 73 22 0d 0d 41 6c 6c 20 | 6 month|s"..All |
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|00001ea0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
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|00001ed0| 6f 6d 20 28 41 72 74 68 | 75 72 20 4f 67 61 77 61 |om (Arth|ur Ogawa|
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|000020c0| 77 61 40 74 65 6c 65 70 | 6f 72 74 2e 63 6f 6d 0d |wa@telep|ort.com.|
|000020d0| 0d 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |.+++++++|++++++++|
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|000020f0| 72 6f 6d 20 73 70 65 6e | 63 65 72 6c 40 63 72 6c |rom spen|cerl@crl|
|00002100| 2e 63 6f 6d 20 28 53 70 | 65 6e 63 65 72 20 4c 6f |.com (Sp|encer Lo|
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|00002160| 63 6c 65 20 3c 39 34 30 | 38 32 34 30 38 31 38 33 |cle <940|82408183|
|00002170| 36 30 30 32 34 30 40 70 | 75 72 70 6c 65 2e 63 6f |600240@p|urple.co|
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|000022a0| 20 20 65 71 75 61 6c 20 | 33 2e 31 34 31 35 39 32 |  equal |3.141592|
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|00002310| 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f | 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f |________|________|
|00002320| 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f | 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f |________|________|
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|000023c0| 63 6f 6d 2e 63 6f 6d 3e | 0d 44 61 74 65 3a 20 46 |com.com>|.Date: F|
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|00003600| 29 0d 0d 63 68 65 65 72 | 73 2e 0d 0d 2d 2d 0d 73 |)..cheer|s...--.s|
|00003610| 33 30 32 36 35 35 37 40 | 74 69 74 61 6e 69 63 2e |3026557@|titanic.|
|00003620| 6d 70 63 65 2e 6d 71 2e | 65 64 75 2e 61 75 20 2a |mpce.mq.|edu.au *|
|00003630| 20 44 75 6e 63 61 6e 20 | 41 6e 6b 65 72 20 2a 20 | Duncan |Anker * |
|00003640| 65 33 30 32 36 35 35 37 | 40 68 61 72 64 79 2e 6f |e3026557|@hardy.o|
|00003650| 63 73 2e 6d 71 2e 65 64 | 75 2e 61 75 0d 0d 49 66 |cs.mq.ed|u.au..If|
|00003660| 20 79 6f 75 27 72 65 20 | 61 20 68 6f 72 73 65 2c | you're |a horse,|
|00003670| 20 61 6e 64 20 73 6f 6d | 65 6f 6e 65 20 67 65 74 | and som|eone get|
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|000036c0| 6b 20 79 6f 75 20 73 68 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 75 63 |k you sh|ould buc|
|000036d0| 6b 20 68 69 6d 20 6f 66 | 66 20 72 69 67 68 74 20 |k him of|f right |
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|000036f0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00003700| 2b 2b 0d 0d 3e 46 72 6f | 6d 20 65 61 73 63 68 61 |++..>Fro|m eascha|
|00003710| 72 66 40 75 2e 77 61 73 | 68 69 6e 67 74 6f 6e 2e |rf@u.was|hington.|
|00003720| 65 64 75 20 28 45 6c 69 | 7a 61 62 65 74 68 20 53 |edu (Eli|zabeth S|
|00003730| 63 68 61 72 66 29 0d 44 | 61 74 65 3a 20 32 34 20 |charf).D|ate: 24 |
|00003740| 41 75 67 20 31 39 39 34 | 20 31 33 3a 35 39 3a 32 |Aug 1994| 13:59:2|
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|00003760| 6f 6e 3a 20 55 6e 69 76 | 65 72 73 69 74 79 20 6f |on: Univ|ersity o|
|00003770| 66 20 57 61 73 68 69 6e | 67 74 6f 6e 2c 20 53 65 |f Washin|gton, Se|
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|00003790| 6c 79 20 70 61 72 74 69 | 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 62 72 |ly parti|al to br|
|000037a0| 65 61 6b 2f 63 6f 6e 74 | 69 6e 75 65 20 73 74 61 |eak/cont|inue sta|
|000037b0| 74 65 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 | 66 6f 72 20 6d 61 6b 69 |tements |for maki|
|000037c0| 6e 67 20 6c 6f 6f 70 20 | 0d 65 78 65 63 75 74 69 |ng loop |.executi|
|000037d0| 6f 6e 20 65 61 73 69 65 | 72 20 74 6f 20 72 65 61 |on easie|r to rea|
|000037e0| 64 2e 20 20 49 20 61 6c | 73 6f 20 75 73 65 20 67 |d.  I al|so use g|
|000037f0| 6f 74 6f 20 66 6f 72 20 | 65 72 72 6f 72 20 68 61 |oto for |error ha|
|00003800| 6e 64 6c 69 6e 67 20 69 | 6e 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 0d |ndling i|n some .|
|00003810| 72 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 73 | 2c 20 62 75 74 20 77 69 |routines|, but wi|
|00003820| 74 68 20 73 65 76 65 72 | 61 6c 20 72 65 73 74 72 |th sever|al restr|
|00003830| 69 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c | 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 6f 6e |ictions,| like on|
|00003840| 6c 79 20 6f 6e 65 20 6c | 61 62 65 6c 20 70 65 72 |ly one l|abel per|
|00003850| 20 72 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 | 20 0d 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 | routine| .called|
|00003860| 20 22 43 6c 65 61 6e 55 | 70 3a 22 20 61 6e 64 20 | "CleanU|p:" and |
|00003870| 6f 6e 6c 79 20 6f 6e 65 | 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e 20 |only one| return |
|00003880| 70 6f 69 6e 74 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 69 73 20 61 |point wh|ich is a|
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|000038a0| 20 0d 74 72 79 20 74 6f | 20 77 72 69 74 65 20 63 | .try to| write c|
|000038b0| 6f 64 65 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 63 61 6e 20 64 65 74 |ode that| can det|
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|000038d0| 20 73 74 61 74 65 20 61 | 6e 64 20 77 68 61 74 20 | state a|nd what |
|000038e0| 6e 65 65 64 73 20 0d 63 | 6c 65 61 6e 69 6e 67 20 |needs .c|leaning |
|000038f0| 75 70 20 61 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 65 6e 64 20 73 6f |up at th|e end so|
|00003900| 20 61 73 20 74 6f 20 6d | 61 6b 65 20 74 68 65 20 | as to m|ake the |
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|00003950| 74 68 6f 75 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 63 6f 64 65 20 77 |thout th|e code w|
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|00003990| 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 | 20 74 68 65 79 20 6d 61 | because| they ma|
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|000039b0| 20 74 6f 20 72 65 61 64 | 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 69 | to read| and mai|
|000039c0| 6e 74 61 69 6e 2e 0d 0d | 44 6f 6e 61 6c 64 20 4b |ntain...|Donald K|
|000039d0| 6e 75 74 68 20 70 72 65 | 73 65 6e 74 73 20 73 65 |nuth pre|sents se|
|000039e0| 76 65 72 61 6c 20 65 78 | 61 6d 70 6c 65 73 20 77 |veral ex|amples w|
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|00003a00| 20 61 72 65 20 62 65 6e | 65 66 69 63 69 61 6c 2c | are ben|eficial,|
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|00003a20| 67 6f 72 69 74 68 6d 20 | 6f 70 74 6f 6d 69 7a 61 |gorithm |optomiza|
|00003a30| 74 69 6f 6e 20 28 73 65 | 65 20 4b 6e 75 74 68 2c |tion (se|e Knuth,|
|00003a40| 20 22 4c 69 74 65 72 61 | 74 65 20 50 72 6f 67 72 | "Litera|te Progr|
|00003a50| 61 6d 6d 69 6e 67 22 29 | 20 20 41 20 0d 67 6f 6f |amming")|  A .goo|
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|00003a70| 73 65 2e 0d 0d 72 6d 67 | 77 0d 0d 54 68 69 73 20 |se...rmg|w..This |
|00003a80| 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 6d | 79 20 61 63 63 6f 75 6e |is not m|y accoun|
|00003a90| 74 3a 20 20 50 6c 65 61 | 73 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 |t:  Plea|se addre|
|00003aa0| 73 73 20 72 65 70 6c 69 | 65 73 20 74 6f 20 68 61 |ss repli|es to ha|
|00003ab0| 77 6b 66 69 73 68 40 61 | 6f 6c 2e 63 6f 6d 0d 0d |wkfish@a|ol.com..|
|00003ac0| 44 69 73 63 6c 61 69 6d | 65 72 3a 20 20 41 6c 6c |Disclaim|er:  All|
|00003ad0| 20 76 69 65 77 73 20 65 | 78 70 72 65 73 73 65 64 | views e|xpressed|
|00003ae0| 20 61 72 65 20 65 6e 74 | 69 72 65 6c 79 20 6d 79 | are ent|irely my|
|00003af0| 20 6f 77 6e 20 61 6e 64 | 20 64 6f 20 6e 6f 74 20 | own and| do not |
|00003b00| 72 65 66 6c 65 63 74 20 | 0d 74 68 65 20 6f 70 69 |reflect |.the opi|
|00003b10| 6e 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 | 20 45 6c 69 7a 61 62 65 |nions of| Elizabe|
|00003b20| 74 68 20 53 63 68 61 72 | 66 20 6f 72 20 74 68 65 |th Schar|f or the|
|00003b30| 20 55 6e 69 76 65 72 73 | 69 74 79 20 6f 66 20 57 | Univers|ity of W|
|00003b40| 61 73 68 69 6e 67 74 6f | 6e 2e 0d 0d 2d 20 2d 2d |ashingto|n...- --|
|00003b50| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003b60| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003b70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003b80| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003b90| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 0d 52 69 63 68 61 72 |--------|-.Richar|
|00003ba0| 64 20 57 65 73 6c 65 79 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |d Wesley|        |
|00003bb0| 20 20 20 20 20 7c 20 22 | 4e 6f 2c 20 4e 6f 20 4e |     | "|No, No N|
|00003bc0| 6f 2c 20 27 45 75 72 65 | 6b 61 27 20 69 73 20 47 |o, 'Eure|ka' is G|
|00003bd0| 72 65 65 6b 3b 20 69 74 | 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 27 |reek; it| means '|
|00003be0| 54 68 69 73 0d 68 61 77 | 6b 66 69 73 68 40 61 6f |This.haw|kfish@ao|
|00003bf0| 6c 2e 63 6f 6d 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |l.com   |        |
|00003c00| 7c 20 20 62 61 74 68 20 | 69 73 20 74 6f 6f 20 68 ||  bath |is too h|
|00003c10| 6f 74 27 22 0d 37 31 30 | 36 32 2e 31 37 31 31 40 |ot'".710|62.1711@|
|00003c20| 63 6f 6d 70 75 73 65 72 | 76 65 2e 63 6f 6d 20 20 |compuser|ve.com  |
|00003c30| 7c 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ||       |        |
|00003c40| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d | 20 44 72 2e 20 57 68 6f |       -| Dr. Who|
|00003c50| 0d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |.- -----|--------|
|00003c60| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003c70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003c80| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003c90| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0d |--------|------..|
|00003ca0| 0d 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |.+++++++|++++++++|
|00003cb0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 0d 0d 3e 46 |++++++++|++++..>F|
|00003cc0| 72 6f 6d 20 64 65 6e 6e | 69 73 40 6d 72 32 2e 65 |rom denn|is@mr2.e|
|00003cd0| 63 65 2e 63 6d 75 2e 65 | 64 75 20 28 44 65 6e 6e |ce.cmu.e|du (Denn|
|00003ce0| 69 73 20 4a 2e 20 43 69 | 70 6c 69 63 6b 61 73 29 |is J. Ci|plickas)|
|00003cf0| 0d 44 61 74 65 3a 20 32 | 34 20 41 75 67 20 31 39 |.Date: 2|4 Aug 19|
|00003d00| 39 34 20 31 34 3a 32 35 | 3a 33 39 20 47 4d 54 0d |94 14:25|:39 GMT.|
|00003d10| 4f 72 67 61 6e 69 7a 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 45 6c |Organiza|tion: El|
|00003d20| 65 63 74 72 69 63 61 6c | 20 61 6e 64 20 43 6f 6d |ectrical| and Com|
|00003d30| 70 75 74 65 72 20 45 6e | 67 69 6e 65 65 72 69 6e |puter En|gineerin|
|00003d40| 67 2c 20 43 61 72 6e 65 | 67 69 65 20 4d 65 6c 6c |g, Carne|gie Mell|
|00003d50| 6f 6e 0d 0d 0d 49 6e 20 | 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 20 |on...In |article |
|00003d60| 3c 33 30 30 2e 33 31 30 | 2e 75 75 70 63 62 40 64 |<300.310|.uupcb@d|
|00003d70| 69 67 69 74 65 63 2e 63 | 6f 2e 7a 61 3e 20 73 74 |igitec.c|o.za> st|
|00003d80| 65 76 65 6e 2e 77 65 62 | 62 65 72 40 64 69 67 69 |even.web|ber@digi|
|00003d90| 74 65 63 2e 63 6f 2e 7a | 61 20 28 53 74 65 76 65 |tec.co.z|a (Steve|
|00003da0| 6e 20 57 65 62 62 65 72 | 29 20 20 77 72 69 74 65 |n Webber|)  write|
|00003db0| 73 3a 0d 3e 48 69 20 74 | 68 65 72 65 2e 0d 3e 49 |s:.>Hi t|here..>I|
|00003dc0| 27 76 65 20 67 6f 74 20 | 61 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 |'ve got |a questi|
|00003dd0| 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 61 | 6c 6c 20 79 6f 75 20 70 |on for a|ll you p|
|00003de0| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 | 72 73 20 6f 75 74 20 74 |rogramme|rs out t|
|00003df0| 68 65 72 65 2e 20 0d 3e | 44 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 75 |here. .>|Do you u|
|00003e00| 73 65 20 67 6f 74 6f 27 | 73 20 69 6e 20 79 6f 75 |se goto'|s in you|
|00003e10| 72 20 63 6f 64 65 3f 20 | 20 0d 3e 44 6f 20 79 6f |r code? | .>Do yo|
|00003e20| 75 20 74 68 69 6e 6b 20 | 75 73 69 6e 67 20 47 6f |u think |using Go|
|00003e30| 74 6f 27 73 20 69 73 20 | 61 20 62 61 64 20 6f 72 |to's is |a bad or|
|00003e40| 20 67 6f 6f 64 20 69 64 | 65 61 3f 0d 3e 57 68 79 | good id|ea?.>Why|
|00003e50| 20 64 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 | 6c 69 6b 65 2f 64 69 73 | do you |like/dis|
|00003e60| 6c 69 6b 65 20 75 73 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 6d 3f |like usi|ng them?|
|00003e70| 0d 0d 28 59 6f 75 20 64 | 69 64 6e 27 74 20 73 70 |..(You d|idn't sp|
|00003e80| 65 63 69 66 79 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 6c 61 6e 67 |ecify wh|ich lang|
|00003e90| 75 61 67 65 20 79 6f 75 | 20 77 65 72 65 20 74 68 |uage you| were th|
|00003ea0| 69 6e 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 | 62 6f 75 74 2c 20 62 75 |inking a|bout, bu|
|00003eb0| 74 20 49 27 6c 6c 0d 61 | 73 73 75 6d 65 20 43 2e |t I'll.a|ssume C.|
|00003ec0| 29 20 20 49 20 72 65 67 | 75 6c 61 72 6c 79 20 75 |)  I reg|ularly u|
|00003ed0| 73 65 20 61 6e 20 22 65 | 72 72 6f 72 20 65 78 69 |se an "e|rror exi|
|00003ee0| 74 22 20 67 6f 74 6f 20 | 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 |t" goto |construc|
|00003ef0| 74 20 69 6e 20 6d 79 20 | 43 0d 63 6f 64 65 20 62 |t in my |C.code b|
|00003f00| 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 69 | 74 27 73 20 6a 75 73 74 |ecause i|t's just|
|00003f10| 20 74 6f 6f 20 64 61 6d | 6e 20 64 69 66 66 69 63 | too dam|n diffic|
|00003f20| 75 6c 74 20 74 6f 20 75 | 6e 72 61 76 65 6c 20 79 |ult to u|nravel y|
|00003f30| 6f 75 72 73 65 6c 66 20 | 61 74 20 65 61 63 68 0d |ourself |at each.|
|00003f40| 70 6f 69 6e 74 20 77 68 | 65 72 65 20 79 6f 75 20 |point wh|ere you |
|00003f50| 6d 69 67 68 74 20 6e 65 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 65 78 |might ne|ed to ex|
|00003f60| 69 74 2e 20 20 41 20 63 | 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 20 65 78 |it.  A c|ommon ex|
|00003f70| 61 6d 70 6c 65 20 69 73 | 20 69 6e 20 61 20 72 6f |ample is| in a ro|
|00003f80| 75 74 69 6e 65 0d 74 68 | 61 74 20 6d 75 73 74 20 |utine.th|at must |
|00003f90| 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 65 | 20 61 20 66 65 77 20 64 |allocate| a few d|
|00003fa0| 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 | 20 69 74 65 6d 73 2c 20 |ifferent| items, |
|00003fb0| 61 6e 64 20 69 66 20 61 | 6e 79 20 6f 6e 65 20 6f |and if a|ny one o|
|00003fc0| 66 20 74 68 65 6d 20 66 | 61 69 6c 73 0d 79 6f 75 |f them f|ails.you|
|00003fd0| 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 61 69 | 6e 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 | complai|n to the|
|00003fe0| 20 75 73 65 72 20 61 6e | 64 20 71 75 69 74 2e 20 | user an|d quit. |
|00003ff0| 20 46 6f 72 20 65 78 61 | 6d 70 6c 65 3a 0d 0d 4f | For exa|mple:..O|
|00004000| 53 45 72 72 20 41 6c 6c | 6f 63 61 74 65 72 28 76 |SErr All|ocater(v|
|00004010| 6f 69 64 29 0d 7b 0d 20 | 20 4f 53 45 72 72 20 65 |oid).{. | OSErr e|
|00004020| 72 72 3b 0d 20 20 48 61 | 6e 64 6c 65 20 68 31 2c |rr;.  Ha|ndle h1,|
|00004030| 68 32 3b 0d 20 20 50 74 | 72 20 70 31 2c 70 32 3b |h2;.  Pt|r p1,p2;|
|00004040| 0d 0d 20 20 2f 2f 20 6e | 75 6c 6c 20 6f 75 74 20 |..  // n|ull out |
|00004050| 6f 75 72 20 62 6c 6f 63 | 6b 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 |our bloc|k pointe|
|00004060| 72 73 20 73 6f 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 69 66 20 77 65 |rs so th|at if we|
|00004070| 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f | 20 6c 65 61 76 65 0d 20 | have to| leave. |
|00004080| 20 2f 2f 20 70 72 65 6d | 61 74 75 72 65 6c 79 2c | // prem|aturely,|
|00004090| 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 74 68 | 6f 73 65 20 74 68 61 74 | only th|ose that|
|000040a0| 20 61 63 74 75 61 6c 6c | 79 20 67 6f 74 20 61 6c | actuall|y got al|
|000040b0| 6c 6f 63 61 74 65 64 20 | 67 65 74 0d 20 20 2f 2f |located |get.  //|
|000040c0| 20 64 65 61 6c 6c 6f 63 | 61 74 65 64 2e 0d 20 20 | dealloc|ated..  |
|000040d0| 68 31 20 3d 20 68 32 20 | 3d 20 4e 55 4c 4c 3b 0d |h1 = h2 |= NULL;.|
|000040e0| 20 20 70 31 20 3d 20 70 | 32 20 3d 20 4e 55 4c 4c |  p1 = p|2 = NULL|
|000040f0| 3b 0d 0d 20 20 2f 2f 20 | 6e 6f 77 20 61 6c 6c 6f |;..  // |now allo|
|00004100| 63 61 74 65 20 61 6c 6c | 20 74 68 65 20 62 6c 6f |cate all| the blo|
|00004110| 63 6b 73 0d 20 20 69 66 | 20 28 21 28 68 31 20 3d |cks.  if| (!(h1 =|
|00004120| 20 4e 65 77 48 61 6e 64 | 6c 65 28 31 30 29 29 29 | NewHand|le(10)))|
|00004130| 20 7b 0d 20 20 20 20 65 | 72 72 20 3d 20 4d 65 6d | {.    e|rr = Mem|
|00004140| 45 72 72 6f 72 28 29 3b | 0d 20 20 20 20 73 68 6f |Error();|.    sho|
|00004150| 77 65 72 72 6f 72 28 31 | 2c 22 4d 65 6d 6f 72 79 |werror(1|,"Memory|
|00004160| 20 45 72 72 6f 72 20 25 | 64 20 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 | Error %|d alloca|
|00004170| 74 69 6e 67 20 68 31 2e | 22 29 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 |ting h1.|");.    |
|00004180| 67 6f 74 6f 20 65 72 72 | 65 78 69 74 3b 0d 20 20 |goto err|exit;.  |
|00004190| 20 20 7d 0d 0d 20 20 69 | 66 20 28 21 28 68 32 20 |  }..  i|f (!(h2 |
|000041a0| 3d 20 4e 65 77 48 61 6e | 64 6c 65 28 32 30 29 29 |= NewHan|dle(20))|
|000041b0| 29 20 7b 0d 20 20 20 20 | 65 72 72 20 3d 20 4d 65 |) {.    |err = Me|
|000041c0| 6d 45 72 72 6f 72 28 29 | 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 73 68 |mError()|;.    sh|
|000041d0| 6f 77 65 72 72 6f 72 28 | 31 2c 22 4d 65 6d 6f 72 |owerror(|1,"Memor|
|000041e0| 79 20 45 72 72 6f 72 20 | 25 64 20 61 6c 6c 6f 63 |y Error |%d alloc|
|000041f0| 61 74 69 6e 67 20 68 32 | 2e 22 29 3b 0d 20 20 20 |ating h2|.");.   |
|00004200| 20 67 6f 74 6f 20 65 72 | 72 65 78 69 74 3b 0d 20 | goto er|rexit;. |
|00004210| 20 20 20 7d 0d 0d 20 20 | 69 66 20 28 21 28 70 31 |   }..  |if (!(p1|
|00004220| 20 3d 20 4e 65 77 50 74 | 72 28 31 30 29 29 29 20 | = NewPt|r(10))) |
|00004230| 7b 0d 20 20 20 20 65 72 | 72 20 3d 20 4d 65 6d 45 |{.    er|r = MemE|
|00004240| 72 72 6f 72 28 29 3b 0d | 20 20 20 20 73 68 6f 77 |rror();.|    show|
|00004250| 65 72 72 6f 72 28 31 2c | 22 4d 65 6d 6f 72 79 20 |error(1,|"Memory |
|00004260| 45 72 72 6f 72 20 25 64 | 20 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 |Error %d| allocat|
|00004270| 69 6e 67 20 70 31 2e 22 | 29 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 67 |ing p1."|);.    g|
|00004280| 6f 74 6f 20 65 72 72 65 | 78 69 74 3b 0d 20 20 20 |oto erre|xit;.   |
|00004290| 20 7d 0d 0d 20 20 69 66 | 20 28 21 28 70 32 20 3d | }..  if| (!(p2 =|
|000042a0| 20 4e 65 77 50 74 72 28 | 31 30 29 29 29 20 7b 0d | NewPtr(|10))) {.|
|000042b0| 20 20 20 20 65 72 72 20 | 3d 20 4d 65 6d 45 72 72 |    err |= MemErr|
|000042c0| 6f 72 28 29 3b 0d 20 20 | 20 20 73 68 6f 77 65 72 |or();.  |  shower|
|000042d0| 72 6f 72 28 31 2c 22 4d | 65 6d 6f 72 79 20 45 72 |ror(1,"M|emory Er|
|000042e0| 72 6f 72 20 25 64 20 61 | 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 69 6e |ror %d a|llocatin|
|000042f0| 67 20 70 32 2e 22 29 3b | 0d 20 20 20 20 67 6f 74 |g p2.");|.    got|
|00004300| 6f 20 65 72 72 65 78 69 | 74 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 7d |o errexi|t;.    }|
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|00005db0| 6e 74 69 6f 6e 65 64 2c | 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 |ntioned,| without|
|00005dc0| 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 67 | 6f 74 6f 73 2c 20 61 73 | using g|otos, as|
|00005dd0| 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 6c | 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 0d 65 | the fol|lowing.e|
|00005de0| 64 69 74 20 6f 66 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 73 61 6d 70 |dit of y|our samp|
|00005df0| 6c 65 20 73 68 6f 77 73 | 0d 0d 4f 53 45 72 72 20 |le shows|..OSErr |
|00005e00| 41 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 65 | 72 28 76 6f 69 64 29 20 |Allocate|r(void) |
|00005e10| 7b 0d 20 20 4f 53 45 72 | 72 20 65 72 72 3b 0d 20 |{.  OSEr|r err;. |
|00005e20| 20 48 61 6e 64 6c 65 20 | 68 31 2c 68 32 3b 0d 20 | Handle |h1,h2;. |
|00005e30| 20 50 74 72 20 70 31 2c | 70 32 3b 0d 0d 20 20 2f | Ptr p1,|p2;..  /|
|00005e40| 2f 20 6e 75 6c 6c 20 6f | 75 74 20 6f 75 72 20 62 |/ null o|ut our b|
|00005e50| 6c 6f 63 6b 20 70 6f 69 | 6e 74 65 72 73 20 73 6f |lock poi|nters so|
|00005e60| 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 66 | 20 77 65 20 68 61 76 65 | that if| we have|
|00005e70| 20 74 6f 20 6c 65 61 76 | 65 0d 20 20 2f 2f 20 70 | to leav|e.  // p|
|00005e80| 72 65 6d 61 74 75 72 65 | 6c 79 2c 20 6f 6e 6c 79 |remature|ly, only|
|00005e90| 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 61 63 74 75 | those t|hat actu|
|00005ea0| 61 6c 6c 79 20 67 6f 74 | 20 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 |ally got| allocat|
|00005eb0| 65 64 20 67 65 74 0d 20 | 20 2f 2f 20 64 65 61 6c |ed get. | // deal|
|00005ec0| 6c 6f 63 61 74 65 64 2e | 0d 20 20 68 31 20 3d 20 |located.|.  h1 = |
|00005ed0| 68 32 20 3d 20 4e 55 4c | 4c 3b 0d 20 20 70 31 20 |h2 = NUL|L;.  p1 |
|00005ee0| 3d 20 70 32 20 3d 20 4e | 55 4c 4c 3b 0d 0d 20 20 |= p2 = N|ULL;..  |
|00005ef0| 68 31 20 3d 20 4e 65 77 | 48 61 6e 64 6c 65 28 31 |h1 = New|Handle(1|
|00005f00| 30 29 3b 0d 20 20 69 66 | 20 28 28 65 72 72 20 3d |0);.  if| ((err =|
|00005f10| 20 4d 65 6d 45 72 72 6f | 72 28 29 29 20 21 3d 20 | MemErro|r()) != |
|00005f20| 6e 6f 45 72 72 29 0d 20 | 20 20 20 73 68 6f 77 65 |noErr). |   showe|
|00005f30| 72 72 6f 72 28 31 2c 22 | 4d 65 6d 6f 72 79 20 45 |rror(1,"|Memory E|
|00005f40| 72 72 6f 72 20 25 64 20 | 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 69 |rror %d |allocati|
|00005f50| 6e 67 20 68 31 2e 22 29 | 3b 0d 0d 20 20 69 66 20 |ng h1.")|;..  if |
|00005f60| 28 65 72 72 20 3d 3d 20 | 6e 6f 45 72 72 29 20 7b |(err == |noErr) {|
|00005f70| 0d 20 20 20 20 68 32 20 | 3d 20 4e 65 77 48 61 6e |.    h2 |= NewHan|
|00005f80| 64 6c 65 28 32 30 29 3b | 0d 20 20 20 20 69 66 20 |dle(20);|.    if |
|00005f90| 28 28 65 72 72 20 3d 20 | 4d 65 6d 45 72 72 6f 72 |((err = |MemError|
|00005fa0| 28 29 29 20 21 3d 20 6e | 6f 45 72 72 29 0d 20 20 |()) != n|oErr).  |
|00005fb0| 20 20 20 20 73 68 6f 77 | 65 72 72 6f 72 28 31 2c |    show|error(1,|
|00005fc0| 22 4d 65 6d 6f 72 79 20 | 45 72 72 6f 72 20 25 64 |"Memory |Error %d|
|00005fd0| 20 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 | 69 6e 67 20 68 32 2e 22 | allocat|ing h2."|
|00005fe0| 29 3b 0d 20 20 7d 0d 0d | 20 20 69 66 20 28 65 72 |);.  }..|  if (er|
|00005ff0| 72 20 3d 3d 20 6e 6f 45 | 72 72 29 20 7b 0d 20 20 |r == noE|rr) {.  |
|00006000| 20 20 70 31 20 3d 20 4e | 65 77 50 74 72 28 31 30 |  p1 = N|ewPtr(10|
|00006010| 29 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 69 | 66 20 28 28 65 72 72 20 |);.    i|f ((err |
|00006020| 3d 20 4d 65 6d 45 72 72 | 6f 72 28 29 29 20 21 3d |= MemErr|or()) !=|
|00006030| 20 6e 6f 45 72 72 29 0d | 20 20 20 20 20 20 73 68 | noErr).|      sh|
|00006040| 6f 77 65 72 72 6f 72 28 | 31 2c 22 4d 65 6d 6f 72 |owerror(|1,"Memor|
|00006050| 79 20 45 72 72 6f 72 20 | 25 64 20 61 6c 6c 6f 63 |y Error |%d alloc|
|00006060| 61 74 69 6e 67 20 70 31 | 2e 22 29 3b 0d 20 20 7d |ating p1|.");.  }|
|00006070| 0d 0d 20 20 69 66 20 28 | 65 72 72 20 3d 3d 20 6e |..  if (|err == n|
|00006080| 6f 45 72 72 29 20 7b 0d | 20 20 20 20 70 32 20 3d |oErr) {.|    p2 =|
|00006090| 20 4e 65 77 50 74 72 28 | 31 30 29 3b 0d 20 20 20 | NewPtr(|10);.   |
|000060a0| 20 69 66 20 28 28 65 72 | 72 20 3d 20 4d 65 6d 45 | if ((er|r = MemE|
|000060b0| 72 72 6f 72 28 29 29 20 | 21 3d 20 6e 6f 45 72 72 |rror()) |!= noErr|
|000060c0| 29 0d 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 73 68 6f 77 65 72 72 6f |).      |showerro|
|000060d0| 72 28 31 2c 22 4d 65 6d | 6f 72 79 20 45 72 72 6f |r(1,"Mem|ory Erro|
|000060e0| 72 20 25 64 20 61 6c 6c | 6f 63 61 74 69 6e 67 20 |r %d all|ocating |
|000060f0| 70 32 2e 22 29 3b 0d 20 | 20 7d 0d 0d 20 20 2f 2f |p2.");. | }..  //|
|00006100| 20 74 68 65 6e 20 64 6f | 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 77 6f | then do| some wo|
|00006110| 72 6b 2e 0d 20 20 2e 2e | 2e 0d 20 20 69 66 20 28 |rk..  ..|..  if (|
|00006120| 65 72 72 20 3d 3d 20 6e | 6f 45 72 72 29 0d 20 20 |err == n|oErr).  |
|00006130| 20 20 65 72 72 20 3d 20 | 44 6f 53 6f 6d 65 74 68 |  err = |DoSometh|
|00006140| 69 6e 67 45 6c 73 65 28 | 68 31 2c 68 32 29 3b 0d |ingElse(|h1,h2);.|
|00006150| 0d 20 20 69 66 20 28 65 | 72 72 20 21 3d 20 6e 6f |.  if (e|rr != no|
|00006160| 45 72 72 29 20 7b 0d 20 | 20 20 20 2f 2f 20 64 65 |Err) {. |   // de|
|00006170| 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 65 | 0d 0d 20 20 20 20 69 66 |allocate|..    if|
|00006180| 20 28 68 31 29 20 44 69 | 73 70 6f 73 48 61 6e 64 | (h1) Di|sposHand|
|00006190| 6c 65 28 68 31 29 3b 0d | 20 20 20 20 69 66 20 28 |le(h1);.|    if (|
|000061a0| 68 32 29 20 44 69 73 70 | 6f 73 48 61 6e 64 6c 65 |h2) Disp|osHandle|
|000061b0| 28 68 32 29 3b 0d 20 20 | 20 20 69 66 20 28 70 31 |(h2);.  |  if (p1|
|000061c0| 29 20 44 69 73 70 6f 73 | 50 74 72 28 70 31 29 3b |) Dispos|Ptr(p1);|
|000061d0| 0d 20 20 20 20 69 66 20 | 28 70 32 29 20 44 69 73 |.    if |(p2) Dis|
|000061e0| 70 6f 73 50 74 72 28 70 | 32 29 3b 0d 20 20 7d 0d |posPtr(p|2);.  }.|
|000061f0| 0d 20 20 72 65 74 75 72 | 6e 20 65 72 72 3b 0d 7d |.  retur|n err;.}|
|00006200| 0d 0d 0d 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |...+++++|++++++++|
|00006210| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 0d 0d |++++++++|++++++..|
|00006220| 3e 46 72 6f 6d 20 68 6f | 77 61 72 64 40 6e 65 74 |>From ho|ward@net|
|00006230| 63 6f 6d 2e 63 6f 6d 20 | 28 48 6f 77 61 72 64 20 |com.com |(Howard |
|00006240| 42 65 72 6b 65 79 29 0d | 44 61 74 65 3a 20 57 65 |Berkey).|Date: We|
|00006250| 64 2c 20 32 34 20 41 75 | 67 20 31 39 39 34 20 32 |d, 24 Au|g 1994 2|
|00006260| 32 3a 34 32 3a 30 34 20 | 47 4d 54 0d 4f 72 67 61 |2:42:04 |GMT.Orga|
|00006270| 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e | 3a 20 4e 45 54 43 4f 4d |nization|: NETCOM|
|00006280| 20 4f 6e 2d 6c 69 6e 65 | 20 43 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 | On-line| Communi|
|00006290| 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 53 | 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 20 |cation S|ervices |
|000062a0| 28 34 30 38 20 32 36 31 | 2d 34 37 30 30 20 67 75 |(408 261|-4700 gu|
|000062b0| 65 73 74 29 0d 0d 49 6e | 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 |est)..In| article|
|000062c0| 20 3c 33 30 30 2e 33 31 | 30 2e 75 75 70 63 62 40 | <300.31|0.uupcb@|
|000062d0| 64 69 67 69 74 65 63 2e | 63 6f 2e 7a 61 3e 2c 0d |digitec.|co.za>,.|
|000062e0| 53 74 65 76 65 6e 20 57 | 65 62 62 65 72 20 3c 73 |Steven W|ebber <s|
|000062f0| 74 65 76 65 6e 2e 77 65 | 62 62 65 72 40 64 69 67 |teven.we|bber@dig|
|00006300| 69 74 65 63 2e 63 6f 2e | 7a 61 3e 20 77 72 6f 74 |itec.co.|za> wrot|
|00006310| 65 3a 0d 3e 48 69 20 74 | 68 65 72 65 2e 0d 3e 0d |e:.>Hi t|here..>.|
|00006320| 3e 49 27 76 65 20 67 6f | 74 20 61 20 71 75 65 73 |>I've go|t a ques|
|00006330| 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 | 20 61 6c 6c 20 79 6f 75 |tion for| all you|
|00006340| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 6d 65 72 73 20 6f 75 74 | program|mers out|
|00006350| 20 74 68 65 72 65 2e 20 | 0d 3e 0d 3e 44 6f 20 79 | there. |.>.>Do y|
|00006360| 6f 75 20 75 73 65 20 67 | 6f 74 6f 27 73 20 69 6e |ou use g|oto's in|
|00006370| 20 79 6f 75 72 20 63 6f | 64 65 3f 20 20 0d 3e 0d | your co|de?  .>.|
|00006380| 0d 4f 68 2c 20 61 62 6f | 75 74 20 61 73 20 6f 66 |.Oh, abo|ut as of|
|00006390| 74 65 6e 20 61 73 20 6c | 6f 6e 67 6a 6d 70 28 29 |ten as l|ongjmp()|
|000063a0| 20 20 3a 2d 29 0d 0d 0d | 3e 44 6f 20 79 6f 75 20 |  :-)...|>Do you |
|000063b0| 74 68 69 6e 6b 20 75 73 | 69 6e 67 20 47 6f 74 6f |think us|ing Goto|
|000063c0| 27 73 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 62 61 64 20 6f 72 20 67 |'s is a |bad or g|
|000063d0| 6f 6f 64 20 69 64 65 61 | 3f 0d 3e 0d 0d 49 20 63 |ood idea|?.>..I c|
|000063e0| 61 6e 20 74 68 69 6e 6b | 20 6f 66 20 76 65 72 79 |an think| of very|
|000063f0| 20 66 65 77 20 73 69 74 | 75 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | few sit|uations |
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+